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Chemical Reactions take place all around us and are not only fun and exciting to experiement with but are also important for our survival! A chemical reaction is when two or more susbtances join together and result in a new substance! In science, there are many ways we can differentiate chemicals from one another. One way is by identifying chemicals as either acidic or basic. Try the following experiments below to understand the differnces between acids and bases!

     Iron Rusting                       Lighting a Candle                Fireworks Exploding             Photosynthesis                     Digesting Food

Acidic or Basic?

Materials:

  • Strips of Litmus Paper

  • 5 various liquids (Apple, Lemon, Water, Soapy Water, Baking Soda Water, Soda

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Directions:

  1. Pour a bit of each liquid in 5 different cups

  2. Quickly dip one litmus paper in each of the various liquids and pull them out.

  3. Observe the color change and record it down for each liquid.

  4. Acids turn paper a redish pink color while Bases will turn the paper a blushish green color.

  5. Identify each liquid as acidic or basic based on the color of the litmus paper.

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Chemistry of Pennies

Materials:

  • 5 cups of different liquids as the ones in the previous experiment

  • 5 dull pennies

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Directions:

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  1. Place a penny in each of the five liquids.

  2. Let the pennies sit there for about 30 seconds then remove.

  3. Observe changes; DId the penny get shinier, did they stay dull?

  4. Conclusion: What do the liquids that made the pennies shinier have in common?

Blowing Balloons

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Materials:

  • 2 tablespoons of baking soda â€‹

  • 1/4 cup of vinegar

  • 1 balloon

  • 1 plastic water bottle

Directions:

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  1. Pour vinegar into the bottle. Stop when the level reaches the first bottom rim of the balloon. 

  2. Pour the baking soda into the balloon using he funnel to help you.

  3. Cover the rim of the bottle by placing the mouth of the balloon over it. Be sure that you don't hold up he balloon!

  4. Hold the rim of the bottle firmly. 

  5. Gently lift up the balloon. Notice that the basking soda mixed with the inegar. The balloon will start to inflate

Thsi was an example of a chemical reaction! Mixing Baking Soda and Vinegar together created the product CO2 which filled up the balloon.

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Answer to Chemistry of Pennies: Most of the liquids that made the pennies shinier are acids!

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